As a 17-year-old in 1962, I was one of a group of about 10 Iraqi students doing A-levels in a college in the UK. The group included three Christians and one Kurd; the rest were Muslims. Please do not ask me how many of the Muslims were Shia and how many were Sunni. I had no idea and neither had anyone else. I only knew of the religion and ethnicity of the others through casual conversations. That is not how we defined ourselves. The only label that mattered was that we were all Iraqis.
Not long ago I was sent a list of Iraqi politicians and members of the Iraqi parliament, and against each name were written the labels Shia, Sunni, Kurdish, Christian, and other designations defining ethnicity or sect. I wrote back decrying the fact that if intellectuals and opinion-shapers were defining people with these labels, how could we blame the rest of Iraqi society for doing the same?
The illegal Iraq War has melted the glue that bound Iraqi society together. Paul Bremer, the American viceroy in charge of Iraq after the war, headed the Coalition Provisional Authority, whose members were based on quotas representing the mosaic of Iraqi society. It thus deliberately employed the maxim of divide and rule. But why should the Iraqis expect otherwise? The American aim, supported by Britain, was to occupy Iraq and control its oil, and this is the tried and tested way of all occupiers and colonizers.
Iraqi society is now divided on ethnic and sectarian lines; it has become the theater where Iraq’s neighboring countries fight their petty squabbles through gangs and terror groups, with ordinary people paying with their lives. Of course foreign powers and neighbors will meddle in a weak, divided country to protect their interests as they see them — not necessarily the interests of the ordinary people in those countries, but the interests of the elite who are in charge behind the scenes, regardless of the politicians forming their governments.
Iraq has suffered a colossal loss of life as well as injury, dislocation, and destruction; the misery visited on its people is beyond comprehension. The one positive thing is that the tyrant Saddam has been removed. The yearning of people for their basic right to live and their need for the necessities of life such as clean water and electricity are making large numbers of Iraqis nostalgic for a Saddam-like figure able to deal with the violence and provide the essentials of a normal life.
What an irony it is that at the very moment when the revolutionary youth of the Arab world are making the ultimate sacrifice to wrest control from the tyrannical dinosaurs who ruled them for so long, Iraq seems to be heading in the opposite direction.
Will Iraqi intellectuals and politicians be able to lift their gaze from contemplating their navels long enough to see the catastrophe engulfing the nation? Will it be possible for the Iraqi intelligentsia to think beyond their sect and look at themselves as Iraqis? Not that long ago, we could do that. We can do it again.
Many Iraqis I talk to tell me the situation is hopeless. They blame foreign powers, corrupt politicians, and meddling by neighboring countries. Yes, the injustice and the suffering have been immense. Yes, there is meddling and corruption. But it is time for the Iraqis to take charge of their destiny. Intellectuals and opinion-shapers, please direct your energy to the worthy aim of uniting the people. The sheer will of a united people can force reluctant politicians to change or go. The people of Egypt and Tunisia have shown us the way.
